Encryption is the process of scrambling data and information into a form that can only be decoded and understood by those that have the keys. This can be done using various mathematical models and is used to secure information and data in the daily life of businesses and consumers.

Modern encryption algorithms play a critical role in providing the confidentiality of data stored on computers or transmitted via networks such as the internet. It also offers security measures like authentication (verifying the source of the message), integrity (ensuring that it hasn't been altered) and anti-repudiation.

Algorithms are utilized to convert plaintext into ciphertext. The ciphertext is only readable by a decryption key, which is an encrypted password or sequence of numbers that the sender as well as the recipient have agreed on. The stronger the cryptographic key, the more difficult it is for unauthorized third parties to decipher using brute force techniques like trying every possible string of characters.

Many privacy and security laws require strict encryption in order to ensure that private information remains secure and private. Many individuals and businesses utilize encryption to protect their folders, files as well as entire computers, using programs like 7-Zip and CertainSafe and they can also encrypt their entire hard drive in the cloud using virtual private networks. Many companies provide multiple encryption solutions, allowing for the strongest protection.